Terms List-
Alien and Sedition Acts- Four bills passed in 1798 and later signed into law by John Adams. Designed to protect the United States from foreign citizens of enemy countries and to stop protesting and other acts from weakening the country.
Antebellum - Time period spanning from the conception of the United States and the American Civil War.
Appropriations Committee- Congressional Committee that establishes a national budget and doles out money to other groups.
Bicameral- having two bodies or chambers
Bill- A statement of a proposal written by two congressman to be considered for implementation.
Bureaucratic- Pertaining to the work force of the Executive Branch. Sometimes referred to as the 4th branch of government.
Capitol- houses the House of Representatives and Senate
Committees- Groups within Congress that oversee a certain aspect of government.
Constituents- Supporters of a particular political ideology, politician or legislation.
Corrupt Bargain- a supposed deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay in which Clay agreed to throw his support to Adams in order to have him win the tiebreak of the 1824 election against Andrew Jackson. He then became Secretary of State.
Embargo Act of 1807- see the history section. An act passed by Thomas Jefferson nearing the end of his term cutting off all trade because France and England were fighting with the United States over who had trading rights with them.
Era of Good Feelings- The era that happened under Monroe. A time of peace and prosperity.
Federalists- a precursor to the first national party that supported a national bank, a strong central power, a national currency, protective tariffs, etc.
Gerrymandering- process of redistricting counties for political gain
Impeachment- process of trying the president for a crime in an attempt to remove him from office.
Lobbying-Attempting to influence the passage or defeat of any legislation by directly communicating with legislators.
Missouri Compromise- an act in 1820 that made a line (the Mason-Dixon line) that separated states that would have no slaves (north of that line) and those that would (south of that line).
Nullification Crisis- an ordeal that occurred under Andrew Jackson in which the South resisted the imposition of a protective tariff. Calhoun wrote about the write fo the states to nullify an order coming from the federal government. Jackson, despite being against the tariff as well, threatened to use military force against them.
Pork-barreling- the addition of legislation to bills, usually in order to give the authoring congressman's district some sort of financial bonus/advantage, oftentimes associated with lobbyists.
The Great Compromise- an act that happened in 1850 and was the product of the Great Triumvirate. It proportioned all of the states into slavery states and non-slavery states. It also developed the concept of popular sovereignty, in which the state votes for whether or not it will have slavery.
The Great Triumvirate- refers to the three statesmen who dominated the United States Senate in the 1830's and 40's. Includes Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and John C. Calhoun.
War of 1812- War fought between the newly formed United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815.
Quorum- Minimum number of delegates needs to hold a meeting.
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